Der Venezianische Hafen mit dem Fort (Bild ganz oben), der Morosini-Brunnen im Zentrum Heraklions, ein Modell der Stadt in der venezianischen Periode (Exponat im Historischen Museum) - und die Busfahrkarten, die man heute für die Touren in der Innenstadt braucht.
Heraklion has a lot to offer. It is certainly not the most beautiful city in Crete, but it has also been through a lot in its long history. It all started with the great Knossos, the Minoan metropolis, which operated one of its smaller harbors near the present-day capital almost 4,000 years ago. Then came the Greeks from the mainland, the Arabs, the Byzantines, the Venetians, the Turks and then, around 80 years ago, the Germans, who bombed the city and destroyed much of it.
Reconstruction after the war was rather haphazard, aesthetics played no role - and you can see that in the city. Not so in the center, around the famous Lion- or Morosini-Fountain dating back to 1628. Here, in a spacious pedestrian area, the heart of Heraklion beats and we always like to be here. We take a look at the pretty and usually busy tavernas, cafés and restaurants, stroll through the bazaar street Odos 1866, marvel at the Venetian Loggia or the Titos Church, look at the windows of the numerous stores on the way to Eleftherias Square, walk down the street of August 25th to the sea, the old fort, the Venetian Harbour.
21 years of siege
We have the Venetians, who ruled Crete from 1206 to 1669, to thank for a special kind of walk. The Venetian fortification wall with its numerous bastions surrounds the core of Heraklion over a length of more than five kilometers. It is massive, it is wide, it withstood the Turkish siege for 21 years before the Ottomans finally conquered Heraklion in 1669 and remained on Crete for almost 250 years. To the chagrin of the Cretans.
Today you can walk along this colossal and well-preserved structure. Actually. Because the path is currently being redesigned, much of it is already finished, much of it not quite. And quite a few of its ascents and descents are closed. So you sometimes walk a few hundred meters in one direction in the hope of finding a staircase that will lead you back down and into the present, but at the end, ugly metal plates block the way. Annoying - especially as there is no indication of the dead end.
A bastion for Nikos Kazantzakis
Work is also underway at the tomb of the famous author Nikos Kazantzakis (Alexis Sorbas) high up on the Martinengo Bastion. Grass and palm trees have been cut, the stuff is lying around meters high, the two workers have made themselves comfortable on the stone blocks of the simple grave to indulge in an extended break.
The author might not have minded. His famous saying "I hope for nothing, I fear nothing, I am free" is written on the gravestone.
Encounters with history
What would Heraklion, the city of Heracles, be without its museums? The most famous is of course the Archaeological Museum, but this time we chose the Historical Museum, which is also highly recommended. The Natural History Museum is on our list for our next visit, and I am also really fascinated by the Museum of Ancient Greek Technology (blog post from 30.01.2023). The biggest museum, however, is the Minoan Palace of Knossos outside Heraklion (blog post 24.01.2023).
The right twist
Heraklion is lively in every way. This also applies to road traffic. That's why we learned to go by bus. It is not that difficult. The ticket in the city center costs just 1.20 Euros. You can buy it from a vending machine, kiosk or mini-market. Validation is very simple. You hold it up to the driver and he tears off half of it. The buses run at close intervals and illuminated signs indicate when the next one is coming. Or you can simply scan a QR code at the bus stop.
You should take two or three days to explore this Heraklion with its sights, its tavernas, its interesting stores, its strikingly well-kept streets in the city center, its picturesque scenery at the old port and the atmosphere of the large ferries at the new port that connect Crete with Greece. A city of contrasts - and with a lot of special flair.
Kontakt:
Michael Meinert
Tel. +49 175 515 53 59
michael.meinert@textbuero-meinert.de
Fotos: Falls nicht anders angegeben
Iris Heymann-Meinert
Michael Meinert